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Feldspar mineral refers to a group of rock-forming aluminosilicate minerals that contain varying amounts of potassium, sodium, and calcium. Feldspars are categorized into a number of subtypes according to chemical composition; all feldspars have a generally similar crystalline structure. They represent about 60% of the crust of the Earth, making feldspar one of the most abundant mineral groups.
Feldspar minerals essentially are found in igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks. The rich abundance and unique properties of feldspar make it an important raw material in a wide spectrum of industrial uses.
Types of Feldspar
Recognizing the different types of feldspar is important because each type has a different chemical composition and different physical characteristics, which have implications for their suitability for industrial applications. The types of feldspar are as follows:
1. Potassium Feldspar (K-Feldspar)
Potassium feldspar, also called orthoclase or microcline, has potassium (K) in the mineral. It has been mined from many locations and comes in pink, white, or reddish color. It is used as a flux in ceramics and glass due to its melting properties.
2. Sodium Feldspar (Albite)
Sodium feldspar, or albite, has sodium (Na) in the feldspar. Sodium feldspar can be more white or gray in color. It can be mixed with potassium feldspar to improve melting properties for those industries.
3. Calcium Feldspar (Anorthite)
Calcium feldspar, also called anorthite, has calcium (Ca) in the feldspar and is not as common as the potassium and sodium feldspars but may be important for some processes. Calcium feldspar melts at higher temperatures than potassium and sodium feldspars.
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